THE EFFECT OF TDZ (Thidiazuron) ON THE FORMATION OF DIRECT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN Phalaenopsis sp. ORCHID

Abstract

Orchids are ornamental plants that have a variety of beautiful flower colors. Optimization of clonal propagation through tissue culture techniques by adding appropriate growth regulators is important. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of TDZ for the formation of somatic embryogenesis in Phalaenopsis sp. orchids which are studied through histological observationsand scanning electron microscopes. This study used a completely randomized design using the TDZ hormone with several concentrations (1 mg/L, 3 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 7 mg/L) which were added to MS media. The explants used were Phalaenopsis sp. leaves. Based on the results of the study, leaf explants successfully regenerated through direct somatic embryogenesis. The 5 mg/LTDZ treatment showed the best results in inducing somatic embryogenesis of Phalaenopsis sp. with the highest embryo percentage parameters of 32%, the fastest embryo maturity of 37 HST with dark green embryo characters and crumbly texture.