Jurnal Agricultural Biosystem Engineering

Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengupas dan Pemisah Kulit Polong Kacang Hijau Menggunakan Silinder Pengupas dan Tenaga Blower

Sun, 14 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The manual process of peeling and separating mung bean pods is still time-consuming, labor-intensive, and causes potential yield losses due to seed damage. This results in low efficiency during the postharvest stage. This study aims to design and test a mung bean pod peeler and separator machine using a peeling cylinder and blower power. The machine is designed with main components consisting of a hopper, peeling cylinder, 0.5 HP electric motor, pulley belt transmission system, and a separating blower. The machine operates by feeding the pods into the hopper, after which the peeling cylinder rotates to detach the seeds from the pods through friction and impact, while the blower functions to separate the pods from the seeds. Test results show that the machine can process 1 kg of material per minute, equivalent to a capacity of 60 kg/hour. In the first stage of testing, the peeling success rate reached 86% with an average overall performance of 78.05%, which was still below the 80% target. After modifications were made to the outlet channel, the performance improved significantly, achieving a peeling success rate of 99.10% and an overall average of 93.00%, exceeding the design target. Thus, this machine is effective in improving postharvest efficiency for mung beans and has the potential to reduce dependency on manual methods.

Uji Kinerja Mesin Chopper Serbaguna untuk Memperkecil Ukuran Pelepah Sawit

A. Refaldi Fayza Alamsyah, Sandi Asmara, Oktafri Oktafri, Siti Suharyatun — Wed, 17 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a multipurpose chopper machine in reducing the size of oil palm fronds at three rotation speeds: 1500, 1800, and 2000 rpm, with 1 and 2 stalk inputs. The observed parameters included work capacity, material loss, fuel consumption, and chopping uniformity. The results indicated that increasing rpm significantly affected the machine’s performance. The highest work capacity (94.8 kg/h) and lowest losses (4.58%) were obtained at 2000 rpm with two inputs, while the lowest specific fuel consumption (0.01008 l/kg) occurred at 1800 rpm with one input. The chopping uniformity was dominated by medium-sized fragments (0.2–<0.5 cm) at 44–45%. The optimal condition was achieved at 2000 rpm with two inputs, producing high capacity, low losses, and uniform chops. The chopped oil palm fronds have potential applications as livestock feed, briquette raw material, and alternative energy.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Biomassa Batang Singkong Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Pori pada Paving Block Porous

Wed, 17 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the utilization of cassava stem waste as a pore-forming material in porous paving blocks. The abundant cassava stem waste in Lampung Province contains cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which have potential applications in the construction sector. The use of porous paving blocks offers a practical solution to urban waterlogging by enhancing rainwater infiltration into the soil. In this research, cassava stem waste was added into the paving block mixture at varying proportions of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. The specimens were evaluated for physical appearance, structural integrity, density, water absorption, infiltration rate, and compressive strength. The results indicated that the produced paving blocks exhibited adequate integrity and infiltration rates in accordance with SNI quality standard D, with the highest water absorption reaching 35.036% at the 4% (P4) composition. However, the maximum compressive strength obtained was 4.81 MPa, which does not meet the compressive strength requirement specified by SNI quality standard D. The findings suggest that increasing the proportion of cassava stem waste enhances porosity and water absorption, but leads to a decrease in compressive strength and density.

Pembuatan Briket Biocoal Campuran Batu Bara dengan Tempurung Kelapa Sawit

Yusi Putri, Yuni Safitri, Tamrin Tamrin — Wed, 17 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Indonesia has a large potential for coal and palm shell resources. Developing these resources for use as fuel energy can be easily done. This study used two treatments, namely the size of palm shells (fine, medium, and coarse) and the concentration of palm shells, namely; 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%. Glue with a concentration of 8%, clay with a concentration of 6%, while coal with a concentration of 71%, 56%, 41%, and 26%. The results of the density, compressive stress, and tensile stress of biocoal briquettes show that a low concentration of 15% coconut shells produces the highest density, compressive stress, and tensile stress. Burning fine-sized briquettes results in faster furnace heating. Briquettes with fine sizes produce the highest furnace heating temperature.

Analisis Fase Pertumbuhan dan Kesehatan Tanaman Padi di Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat Berbasis Interpretasi Citra Sentinel - 2A

Rahmat Sobirin Harahap, Ridwan Ridwan, Sasongko Aji Wibowo, Sandi Asmara — Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The administration of Tulang Bawang Barat Regency, which is not like other central areas, results in differences in planting time, maintenance time, and overall rice plant maintenance activities that will affect the growth and production of rice plants. To reduce rice productivity so that it does not plummet, the government must conduct monitoring, while conventional monitoring activities require a lot of time and cost. This study was conducted to monitor the growth phase and health of rice plants by utilizing remote sensing technology from satellite imagery. This study uses sentinel-2A satellite imagery to analyze the growth phase and health of rice plants. The results of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis produced 8382 Ha of good rice plants, 5827 Ha of normal rice plants and 2925 Ha of bad rice plants with a total accuracy of 82.85%.

Rancang Bangun dan Uji Kinerja Alat Pengasap Ikan Lele (Clarias batrachus) Tipe Kabinet

Muhammad Hisyam Alfawwaz AS, Tamrin Tamrin, Warji Warji, Sandi Asmara — Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to design, construct, and evaluate the performance of a cabinet-type fish smoking device that is efficient, portable, and capable of producing high-quality smoked catfish products. Catfish (Clarias batrachus) is a perishable aquaculture commodity, thus requiring preservation methods such as smoking to extend its shelf life. The smoking device was designed with a capacity of more than 12 kg, a maximum smoking duration of 6 hours, and equipped with a temperature control system. The development process included structural and functional design, device assembly, and performance testing. Testing was conducted three times using parameters such as fish weight reduction, moisture content, and organoleptic evaluation. Results showed that the device was capable of evenly smoking the fish, reducing moisture content to meet SNI standards (<60%), and producing products with favorable organoleptic qualities. This device has proven to enhance the efficiency of the smoking process and the quality of the product, making it suitable for small to medium-scale enterprises.

Uji Sifat Fisik dan Laju Pembakaran Terhadap Variasi Persentase Campuran Bagas Tebu dengan Batubara dalam Pembuatan Briket Biocoal

Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The transition to renewable energy sources is a key strategy in reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating their environmental impact. One promising alternative is biocoal briquettes, a solid fuel composed of a mixture of biomass and coal. This study investigates the effect of varying sugarcane bagasse content on the physical properties and combustion characteristics of biocoal briquettes. Four different bagasse-to-coal ratios (16%, 31.9%, 47.7%, and 63.7%) were evaluated, each with five replicates. Parameters analyzed include density, mechanical strengt, and combustion duration. Results indicate that increasing the proportion of bagasse generally decreases briquette density, with the highest density recorded at 16% bagasse (633.5 kg/m³) and the lowest at 63.7% bagasse (321.65 kg/m³). Additionally, higher bagasse content led to longer combustion times compared to pure coal briquettes. These findings highlight the need to optimize the composition to balance combustion efficiency, mechanical durability, and ease of ignition. This study contributes to the advancement of biocoal briquettes as a more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative energy source.

Pengaruh Jumlah Padatan Terlarut Mineral Terhadap Warna Seduhan Teh Hitam

Cicih Sugianti, Andiny Suryaningrum, Hana Yepani Br S — Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the effect of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels in mineral water on the characteristics of color, aroma, taste, and dregs of black tea brewed using the Crushing, Tearing, Curling (CTC) method at PT Perkebunan Nusantara I Regional 7 Kebun Pagaralam, South Sumatra. Three brands of mineral water with low, medium, and high TDS levels were used to brew several grades of CTC black tea. Quality evaluation was carried out using parameters of brew color, aroma, taste, and dregs color based on the standard tea quality scoring system. The results showed that mineral water with low TDS levels produced a brighter brew color, stronger aroma, and lighter and cleaner dregs compared to water with high TDS levels which produced a darker color and less sharp aroma. The interaction of mineral ions such as Ca and Mg in high TDS water tends to form complexes with tea phenolic compounds, which affect antioxidant levels, color, and taste. These findings provide a basis for recommending the use of mineral water with low TDS levels for CTC black tea brewing to maintain optimal color, aroma, and taste quality, as well as support the consistency of export tea product quality. This study also emphasizes the importance of brewing water standards in the tea industry to increase the competitiveness of local products in the global market.

Studi Viabilitas Benih Kedelai (Glycine Max [L.] Merril.) Varietas Dega-1 Pada Berbagai Proporsi Kapur Tohor Dalam Dua Ukuran Wadah Pascasimpan Empat Bulan

Ermawati Ermawati — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Soybean seeds are classified as orthodox seeds with high protein content, which makes them susceptible to quality deterioration during storage. Therefore, proper storage methods are required to maintain seed viability until the next planting season. This study aimed to (1) determine the optimum proportion of calcium oxide to maintain soybean seed viability during storage, (2) evaluate the effect of storage container size on seed viability, and (3) examine the interaction between calcium oxide proportion and container size on seed viability. The research was conducted at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from July to November 2021. The experiment used a factorial randomized complete block design (5 × 2) with three replications, resulting in 30 experimental units. The first factor was the proportion of calcium oxide (0.0%, 7.5%, 15.0%, 22.5%, and 30.0%), while the second factor was storage container size (3 L and 5 L). Data were analyzed using Bartlett’s test, Tukey’s test, and orthogonal comparisons at a 5% significance level. The results showed that different proportions of calcium oxide did not significantly affect seed viability. Similarly, storage container size had no significant effect. Overall, soybean seeds maintained high viability after four months of storage, indicated by high germination percentage (91.29%), maximum growth potential (98.44%), and seedling vigor, along with low moisture content (7.45%) and electrical conductivity. No interaction was observed between calcium oxide proportion and storage container size.

Pengaruh Penambahan Urine dan Penghalusan Kohe Kambing terhadap Kualitas Pupuk Kompos Limbah Kulit Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora)

Yosavat Rimbanu, Siti Suharyatun, Ahmad Tusi, Agus Haryanto — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Goat manure and urine are potential additives to organic compost to improve compost quality due to their high nutrient content, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK). This study aimed to analyze the effects of manure grinding and the addition of goat urine on the quality of compost produced from robusta coffee husk waste (Coffea canephora). The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: A1 (coffee husk + unground goat manure), A2 (coffee husk + unground goat manure + goat urine), A3 (coffee husk + ground goat manure), and A4 (coffee husk + ground goat manure + goat urine). Each treatment was replicated three times. The observed parameters included moisture content, temperature, pH, particle density, nutrient content (N, P, K, C/N ratio), and compost color. The results indicated that treatment A4 produced the best compost quality, with moisture content of 59–60%, temperature ranging from 27 to 29°C, pH 6.8–7.2, and nutrient contents of N 2.43%, P 0.78%, K 1.62%, and a C/N ratio of 17.03. The color change from light brown to dark brown–black indicated compost maturity. Increased particle density reflected a more compact and stable compost structure. The combination of material grinding and the addition of goat urine proved to accelerate the decomposition process and improve both the physical and chemical quality of the resulting compost.

J-ABE Cover December 2025

Warji Warji — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Preface J-ABE December 2025

Warji Warji — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Editorial Introduction

By giving thanks to Allah the Almighty, the Journal of Agricultural Biosystem Engineering (J-ABE) Volume 4 No 4, December 2025 can be published. This edition contains 10 (Ten) articles which are scientific papers from various fields of study in the world of Agricultural Engineering which includeing cultivating, waste processing, mapping, renewable energy, design, and bioprocess technology.

On this occasion, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to the authors for their contributions to J-ABE and to the reviewers of this journal for their participation in improving the quality of scientific papers published in this edition.

In conclusion, we hope that this J-ABE will benefit society and make a meaningful contribution to the development of science and technology, especially in the field of agricultural engineering.

Editor of J-ABE