JURNAL AGROTROPIKA

POTENSI SUPERNATAN Bacillus spp. UNTUK PENEKANAN PERTUMBUHAN Botrytis cinerea Pers. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK BUAH STROBERI (Fragaria vesca L.)

Melya Oktavioni, Nurbailis, Zurai Resti — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The use of supernatant from Bacillus spp. as biological control agents has potential to manage strawberry fruit rot caused by Botrytis cinerea. This study aimed to identify the most effective Bacillus spp. supernatant in suppressing the growth of B. cinerea both in vitro and in vivo. The research consisted of two stages: (1) evaluation of the inhibitory effect of Bacillus spp. supernatant on the in vitro growth of B. cinerea, and (2) assessment of their ability to suppress strawberry fruit rot development in vivo. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied with six treatments and five replications for the in vitro test, and five treatments with five replications for the in vivo test. The results showed that supernatant of Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus cereus P14, and Bacillus subtilis effectively inhibited the in vitro growth of B. cinerea, producing colony areas of 33.13 cm², 30.18 cm², and 27.74 cm², respectively, with inhibition rates of 46.30%, 51.08%, and 55.04%, categorized as strong inhibition. Reduced colony growth was associated with decreased conidial germination, with the lowest germination rate (17.31%) observed in the Bacillus subtilis treatment. In vivo, Bacillus subtilis also produced the smallest lesion area on strawberry fruit (6.02 mm²).

KERAGAMAN KARAKTER BEBERAPA MORFO-FISIOLOGI AKSESI KAKAO BANGKA PADA MUSIM KERING YANG PENDEK

Maera Zasari, Kartika Kartika, Ropalia Ropalia — Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Due to Due to their sensitivity to dry conditions, cocoa trees confront both challenges and obstacles in their development. Under drought conditions, the morphological and physiological properties of cocoa plants change. This study aims to evaluate several morpho-physiological characteristics of Bangka cocoa accessions during the short-time dry season. This research was conducted out at the Bangka Island region's communal cocoa gardens. Five cocoa plants that have produced for more than three years in good health and vigor were purposively sampled as part of the study's exploratory method. Quantitative data were analyzed using the R program and the Unweighted Pair Group Method With Arithmetic Mean with the help of Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System software for variability and kinship. The results showed that the local Bangka cocoa accessions under short dry season conditions had quite diverse morpho-physiological characters with narrow - wide levels of diversity. There were no kinship relationships found in the majority of the Bangka cocoa accessions that were evaluated. The accessions of Bangka cocoa were separated into eight major clusters.

PENGARUH PUPUK, MULSA ORGANIK DAN SISTEM TANPA OLAH TANAH TERHADAP KOMPONEN HASIL JAGUNG MANIS PADA KONDISI TROPIS

Ana Mifthahur Rohmah, Dulbari Dulbari, Fajar Rochman, Denny Sudrajat — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is a horticultural commodity with high economic This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield responses of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata L.) to the combination of tillage systems, organic mulch, and fertilization under tropical agroecosystem conditions. The experiment was conducted at Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, organic mulch, and tillage systems, including no-tillage and conventional tillage. The observed parameters included plant height, leaf number, leaf greenness index (RGB), sweetness level, ear diameter, ear length, and ear weight. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect on plant growth, sweetness level, and ear weight (p > 0.05). However, significant effects were observed on ear diameter and ear length (p < 0.05). The application of organic mulch under no-tillage system produced the highest ear diameter, while the greatest ear length was obtained from the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers with mulch under no-tillage, as well as organic mulch without tillage. These findings indicate that the application of organic mulch in a no-tillage system has the potential to improve certain yield components and support more efficient and sustainable sweet corn production systems.

PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCHAR YANG DIPERKAYA Zn DAN Si TERHADAP PERFORMA FISIOLOGI BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA PADA CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN

Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Drought caused by climate phenomena such as El Niño is a major constraint in robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) production, as it reduces photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of coffee husk biochar enriched with zinc (Zn) and silicon (Si) in improving the physiological and agronomic responses of robusta coffee seedlings under different irrigation intervals. The experiment was arranged in a two-factor factorial design, consisting of biochar doses (0–400 g polybag⁻¹) and irrigation intervals (1, 3, 5, and 7 days), using 60 plants with three replications. Destructive observations were conducted at 10 weeks after transplanting and included physiological, and agronomic parameters. The results showed that Zn- and Si-enriched biochar significantly affected most physiological responses of robusta coffee seedlings, except proline content. Agronomic responses generally showed no significant interaction, although root dry weight and leaf area were significantly influenced by single factors. A high biochar dose (400 g polybag⁻¹) was identified as the most effective treatment for optimizing physiological and agronomic performance, while a 5-day irrigation interval (moderate drought stress) was the most suitable watering condition. The application of Zn- and Si-enriched coffee husk biochar has potential as a drought mitigation strategy in robusta coffee nursery

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NAA ATAU IBA TERHADAP PENGAKARAN CANGKOK DUA VARIETAS MANGGA (Mangifera indica L.)

Muhammad Adi Riwanda, Yusnita Yisnita, Dwi Hapsoro, Agus Karyanto, Sri Ramadiana — Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In order to fulfill the need for mangoes in Indonesia, it needs to produce high quality seedsin ashort time. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of administering NAA or IBA in several concentrations to improve the quality of grafted roots including root emergence time, number of primary roots, primary root length, root wet weight and root dry weight. The research and data collection was carried out in August – December 2023 in Pringsewu, Lampung. This research used a randomized complate block design (RCBD) with 4 replications. Treatments were arranged factorial (2x5). The first factor is the mango varieties (A), Arumanis (A1) and Manalagi (A2). The second factor is the type of auxin (B) which includes no auxin (B1), 1000 ppm NAA (B2), 1000 ppm IBA (B3), 2000 ppm NAA (B4) and 2000 ppm IBA (B5) so there are 10 treatment combinations. The second experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. The research results obtained were that NAA and IBA had an effect on the growth of mango graft roots. The best treatment is giving IBA 2000 ppm which produces the fastest root emergence time, number of primary roots, primary root length, root wet weight and highest root dry weight.

EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata) DAN SURFAKTAN LERAK (Sapindus rarak) SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP GULMA Sphenoclea zeylanica

Indrawan Indrawan, Rizky Rahmadi, Dulbari Dulbari, Denny Sudrajat — Fri, 14 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sphenoclea zeylanica weed is one of the dominant weeds in rice cultivation that can significantly reduce yields. The use of synthetic herbicides to control this weed often has negative impacts on the environment and health. Therefore, the use of natural ingredients such as siam weed leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L.) and natural surfactants from soapberry fruit (Sapindus rarak DC.) is an environmentally friendly alternative. This study aims to determine the allelochemical effectiveness of siam weed leaf extract in controlling S. zeylanica weeds and determine the best dose combination with soapberry surfactant. The study was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 at Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung State Polytechnic, using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisted of 7 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of control, siam weed extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and a combination of siam weed with 3% soapberry surfactant. The parameters observed included weed plant height, wet weight, dry weight, SPAD index, toxicity (%), LT50, and ED50. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT test at 5% level. The results showed that siam weed leaf extract was effective in suppressing the growth of S. zeylanica, indicated by a decrease in plant height, chlorophyll content, wet weight, and dry weight of weeds compared to the control. The combination of 30% kirinyuh extract with 3% soapberry fruit surfactant was the most effective treatment, with the fastest LT50 of 2.2 days. These findings indicate the potential of siam weed and soapberry fruit extracts as environmentally friendly natural bioherbicides for weed control. This finding showed the potential use of soapberry as a natural surfactant to improve weed suppression results.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI NUTRISI EKSTRAK VERMIKOMPOS DAN URIN KELINCI TERHADAP TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.) PADA SISTEM HIDROPONIK

Christian Parsaoran Tumanggor, Darwin H. Pangaribuan, Setyo Widagdo — Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) is a popular vegetable among the people because of its delicious taste and high content of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins A, B, C, E, and K which are beneficial for body health. The demand for mustard greens is always increasing along with the increasing population and awareness of nutritional needs. The area of mustard greens in Lampung in 2019 was 1,329 ha and shrank to 1,288 ha in 2020, therefore, a solution is needed to help farmers who have lost agricultural land, namely with the NFT hydroponic planting pattern using AB Mix Nutrients and Liquid Organic Fertilizers from vermicompost and rabbit urine extracts. This study was conducted to obtain the best combination of concentrations between AB Mix, vermicompost, and rabbit urine for the growth and yield of mustard greens with the NFT hydroponic system. This study was conducted from June to July 2024 in Sepang Jaya City, Labuhan Ratu District, Bandar Lampung City. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor consisting of 4 treatments 100% AB-mix (control), AB-mix 75% + vermicompost extract 25%, AB-mix 75% + vermicompost extract 15% + rabbit urine 10%, and AB-mix 50% + vermicompost extract 30% + rabbit urine 20%. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance and homogeneity test using the Bartlett test and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the 5% level. The results showed that the treatment of AB mix 75% + vermicompost extract 15% + rabbit urine 10% was the best combination in supporting the growth and yield of mustard plants on plant height, leaf stalk length, number of stomata, fresh weight of the canopy, number of leaves, dry weight of leaves, leaf greenness level, root length, fresh weight of roots and dry weight of roots.

EFIKASI HERBISIDA CAMPURAN ISOPROFIL AMINA GLIFOSAT 300 g/l + 2,4 D DIMETIL AMINA 100 g/l TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN GULMA PADA BUDIDAYA KELAPA SAWIT ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) TANAMAN BELUM MENGHASILKAN

Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is an important industrial crop widely cultivated in Indonesia because it is capable of producing large amounts of vegetable oil. Weed control in immature oil palm plants (TBM) can be done chemically using a mixed herbicide with the active ingredient isopropylamine glyphosate + 2,4D dimethyl amine. The study aims to determine the effective dose of mixed herbicide isopropylamine glyphosate + 2,4D dimethyl amine to control weed growth in immature oil palm plant discs (TBM), to determine the changes in weed composition in immature oil palm plant discs (TBM), to determine the effect of mixed herbicide application isopropylamine glyphosate + 2,4D dimethyl amine on the phytotoxicity level of immature oil palm plants (TBM). The research was carried out in Muara Putih, Natar, South Lampung and at the Weed Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, from July to October 2025. The experimental design used was a Randomized Group Design (RAK) with 4 replications and 8 treatments, namely IPA glyphosate 450 g/ha+2,4D dimethyl amine 150 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 600 g/ha+2,4D dimethyl amine 200 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 750 g/ha+2,4D dimethyl amine 250 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 900 g/ha+2,4 D dimethyl amine 300 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 900 g/ha, 2,4D dimethyl amine 300 g/ha, mechanical weeding, and control. Homogeneity of variance was tested using Bartlett's test, data additivity was tested using Tukey's test, if the assumptions were met, the data were analyzed for variance and the differences in the mean values of the treatments were tested using the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that the herbicide mixture of IPA glyphosate 750 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 250 g/ha and IPA glyphosate 900 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 300 g/ha was effective in controlling total weeds up to 12 WSA. Herbicide mixture dose IPA glyphosate 600 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 200 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 750 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 250 g/ha, and IPA glyphosate 900 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 300 g/ha are effective in controlling broadleaf weeds up to 12 MSA. Mixed herbicide dose: IPA glyphosate 450 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 150 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 600 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 200 g/ha, IPA glyphosate 750 g/ha + 2.4 D dimethyl amine 250 g/ha, and IPA glyphosate 900 g/ha + 2,4 D dimethyl amine (300 g/ha) as well as a single treatment of 900 g/ha glyphosate IPA were effective in controlling grass weeds up to 12 MSA. The mixed herbicide IPA glyphosate + 2.4 D dimethyl amine at all doses did not cause changes in weed composition and phytotoxicity in immature oil palm.

RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS SORGUM YANG DIPANEN DARI PERTANAMAN TUMPANGSARI DENGAN BUNCIS SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI LAHAN DI DATARAN TINGGI

Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Sorghum is a crop that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia. So far, sorghum is more widely grown in the lowlands, while the need for sorghum as food, animal feed and planting seeds is also needed in the highlands. The availability of agricultural land in the highlands encourages sorghum planting to be superimposed on chickpeas. This study aims to 1) determine the growth and productivity of sorghum from intercropping plantations of sorghum – upright beans and intercropping sorghum-vine beans compared to monocultures; 2) to know the land equity ratio (LER) of chickpea-sorghum intercropping crops. This research was carried out at the Vegetable Seed Production Unit (UPBS), Sekincau Village, West Lampung Regency, the research was carried out in April-September 2021. The research was conducted using a quantitative method by directly measuring the growth and production of sorghum which was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of six groups as a test with 3 treatments. Treatments include sorghum monoculture; intercropping sorghum - upright beans; Interscopal sorghum - chickpeas. The results showed that the growth and productivity of sorghum in the intercropping system was lower than that of monoculture, but the yield decline in the intercropping of upright sorghum-chickpeas was lower than in intercropping sorghum-sprawling chickpeas. Intercropping of upright sorghum and vine-bean sorghum has a land equity ratio (LER) value of > 1 to produce sorghum seeds, sorghum forage, and fresh chickpea pods, except for LER sorghum seeds and chickpea seeds. Intercropping planting of upright sorghum-beans is more effective than intercropping sorghum-vines. The benefit of this study is to increase the efficiency of limited agricultural land use.