Utilization of Wood Vinegar as a Natural Preservative for Sengon Wood (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) against Fungal Attack (Schizophyllum commune Fries)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl29302-313
Abstract View: 1118
Abstract
Most wood supplied from forests currently has a low level of durability and vulnerable to wood-destroying organisms attacks. Sengon wood (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) is classified as low durable class wood (class IV-V); hence wood preservation is needed to protect from the attacks of wood-destroying organisms. One of the eco-friendly materials that can be used for wood preservation is wood vinegar. This study aims to analyze the influence of wood vinegar from tembesu (Fagraea fragrans) and rengas (Gluta renghas) on the durability of sengon wood against Schizophyllum commune Fries fungus. The results showed that wood parts and types of wood vinegar significantly affected preservative retention, absorption, penetration, and weight loss. Some of the chemical compounds contained in tembesu and rengas wood vinegar can inhibit the growth of fungi: (1) acetic acid (CAS) ethylic acid, (2) 2-propanone, 1-hydroxy- (CAS) acetol, (3) phenol, 2-methoxy- (CAS) guaiacol, and (4) phenol (CAS) izal. Preservation of wood using tembesu and rengas wood vinegar with a concentration of 70% could increase the resistance of sengon wood and improve sengon wood’s durability into very resistant (durability class I) against S. commune fungus attacks.
Keywords: Falcataria moluccana, wood durability, wood parts, wood vinegar
Downloads
References
BSN. 2006. SNI 01-7207-2006: Uji Ketahanan Kayu dan Produk Kayu terhadap Organisme Perusak Kayu. Badan Standardisai Nasional (BSN). Jakarta, Indonesia.
Cahyana, B. T. 2014. Retensi dalam Pengawetan Kayu Kurang Dikenal untuk Bahan Baku Kapal Tradisional. Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 6(2): 23-30. DOI: 10.24111/jrihh.v6i2.1234
Hardiatmi, J. M. S. 2010. Investasi Tanaman Kayu Sengon dalam Wanatani Cukup Menjanjikan. INNOFARM: Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian 9(2): 17-21.
Herliyana, E. N., Maryam, L. F. and Hadi, Y. S., 2011. Schizophyllum commune Fr. Sebagai Jamur Uji Ketahanan Kayu Standar Nasional Indonesia pada Empat Jenis Kayu Rakyat: Sengon (P. falcataria), Karet (H. brasiliensis), Tusam (P. merkusii), Mangium (A. mangium). Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika 2(3): 176-180.
Hutabarat, F. V., Diba, F., and Sisilia, L. 2019. Daya Hambat Ekstrak Kulit Jati (Tectona grandis Linn F) terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Pelapuk Kayu Schizophyllum commune Fries. Jurnal Hutan Lestari 7(3): 1078-1089. DOI: 10.26418/jhl.v7i3.36433
Iswanto, A. H. 2008. Sifat Fisik Kayu: Berat Jenis dan Kadar Air pada Beberapa Jenis Kayu. Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan, Indonesia.
Jothityangkoon, D., Koolachart, R., Wanapat, S., Wongkaew, S., and Jogloy, S. 2008. Using Wood Vinegar in Enhancing Peanut Yield and in Controlling the Contamination of Aflatoxin Producing Fungus. International Crop Science 4: 253-253.
Kailola, J., Simanjuntak, R., and Punyia, K., 2019. Kandungan Kadar Air (H2O) dari Jenis Kayu Jati (Tectona grandis) dan Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) Asal Tobelo Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 12(2): 311-316. DOI: 10.29239/j.agrikan.12.2.311-316
Komarayati, S., Gusmailina, and Pari, G. 2011. Produksi Cuka Kayu Hasil Modifikasi Tungku Arang Terpadu. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 29 (3): 234 ̶ 247. DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2011.29.3.234-247
Kusumaningsih, K. R. 2017. Sifat Penyerapan Bahan Pengawet pada Beberapa Jenis Kayu Bangunan. Jurnal Wana Tropika 16-25.
Negoro, A. M. 2007. Penentuan Metode Terbaik Proses Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri Daun Sirih (Piper betl LINN.) antara Penyulingan dengan Air dan Penyulingan dengan Air dan Uap. Skripsi. Universitas Sanata Dharma. Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Nurhayati, T., Pasaribu, R. A., and Mulyadi, D. 2006. Produksi dan Pemanfaatan Arang dan Cuka Kayu dari Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Campuran. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 24(5): 395-411. DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2006.24.5.395-411
Oramahi, H. A., Yoshimura, T., Diba, F., Setyawati, D., and Nurhaida. 2018. Antifungal and Antitermitic Activities of Wood Vinegar from Oil Palm Trunk. Jurnal of Wood Science 64: 311-317. DOI: 10.1007/s10086-018-1703-2
Purnawati, R., Wahyudi, I., and Priadi, T. 2012. Anatomical Properties of Flindersia pimenteliana F. Muell from Wondama Bay West Papua. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis 10(2): 122-129.
Pratiwi, G. A. 2009. Sifat Keawetan dan Pengawetan Beberapa Jenis Kayu Rakyat. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor, Indonesia.
Qodariah, M. T. 2007. Penurunan Kadar Air Kayu Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) dengan Peneresan dan Pengeringan menggunakan FAN. Skripsi. Bogor (ID); Institut Pertanian Bogor
Rahayu, Y. C. 2018. Variasi radial keawetan kayu eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) terhadap rayap kayu kering dan jamur Schizophyllum commune. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor, Indonesia.
Ramadhani, J. 2006. Peningkatan Keawetan Kayu Gmelina arborea Roxb. dari Serangan Jamur Pelapuk dengan Bahan Pengawet Alami. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor, Indonesia.
Setiawati, E. 2010. Daya Tahan Rotan yang Diawetkan dengan Cuka Kayu Galam terhadap Serangan Bubuk Dinoderus minutus Farb. Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 2(2): 8-12. DOI: 10.24111/jrihh.v2i2.1141
Sucipto, T. 2009. Penentuan Air dalam Rongga Sel Kayu. Karya Tulis. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan, Indonesia.
Sudarnyoto, Johan, V. S., and Rahmayuni. 2014. Potential Wood Vinegar from Eucalyptus pellita and Acacia mangium Wild as Antimicrobial. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian 1(1): 1-9.
Sumedi, A., Budiarso, E., and Kusuma, I. W. 2011. Pemanfaatan Asap Cair dari Tempurung Kelapa sebagai Bahan Pengawet Kayu Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.). Jurnal Kehutanan Tropika Humida 4(1): 1-12.
Syafitri, I. 2008. Biodeteriorasi Tiga Jenis Kayu Cepat Tumbuh oleh Jamur Pelapuk. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor, Indonesia.
Ulfah, D., Lusyiana, and Harionarso, B. 2016. Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Cuka Kayu Gelam pada Pengawetan Kayu Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) terhadap Serangan Rayap. Jurnal Hutan Tropis 4(1): 21-27. DOI: 10.20527/jht.v4i1.2878
Usta, I. 2004. The Effect of Moisture Content and Wood Density on the Preservative Uptake of Caucasian Fir (Abies nordmanniana (Link.) Spach) treated with CCA. Turk J Agric For. 28: 1-7.
Utari, N., Diba, F., and Sisillia, L. 2018. Perbandingan Tingkat Keawetan Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana L. Nielesn) dan Kayu Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) dengan Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Kayu Jati (Tectona grandis L.F.) terhadap Serangan Rayap Tanah Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Jurnal Tengkawang 8(2): 75-87. DOI: 10.26418/jt.v8i2.30893
Yatagai. 2002. Utilization of Charcoal and Wood Vinegar in Japan. Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences. The University of Tokyo. Japan.
Yunasfi. 2008. Fungi at Eucalyptus urophylla S.t. Blake in Log Yard (TPK) PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Tbk. Kabupaten Toba Samosir North Sumatera. Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat 3(1): 79-88.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Licence that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
