Internet of Things (IoT) Integration in Precision Livestock Farming: Innovation Towards Data-Driven Livestock and Animal Welfare

Abstract

The increasing global demand for livestock products requires management efficiency that slower, conventional methods cannot meet. This study aims to synthesize the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technology for monitoring livestock health and behavior within the Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) framework. The method used is a literature review of 50 relevant scientific articles from 2019 to 2025, focusing on sensor technology, system architecture, applications, benefits, and existing challenges. The synthesis results show that wearable devices with temperature and motion sensors are effective for early disease detection, reproduction optimization, and behavioral analysis. This study confirms the transformative potential of IoT in the livestock industry but also identifies key challenges such as battery life, connectivity in rural areas, and implementation costs. Further research is needed to develop more energy-efficient and affordable solutions to encourage broader adoption.