Analysis of Determinant Factors of Sustainability of Beef Cattle Farming Business in Koto XI Tarusan District, Pesisir Selatan Regency

Abstract

Sustainable livestock development is a strategic issue in global and national agricultural systems, particularly in the beef cattle subsector, which plays an important role in providing animal protein, increasing rural household incomes, and strengthening food security. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability level of beef cattle farming in Koto XI Tarusan District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, and to examine the influence of economic, social, environmental, and institutional dimensions on overall sustainability performance. A survey approach was applied involving 30 farmers selected through quota and snowball sampling techniques. Sustainability status and its determining factors were analyzed using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The results of the study show that the economic dimension has a sustainability index value of 60,80, which is in the category of fairly sustainable, the social dimension has an index of 47,95, which is less sustainable, and the environmental dimension has a sustainability index of 60,46 or is in the category of fairly sustainable. Key leverage attributes include market access (economic), livestock security from theft (social), the use of crop residues as feed (environmental), and government support programs (institutional). herefore, increasing the sustainability of smallholder beef cattle farming requires an integrated and sustainable development approach, with an emphasis on strengthening the social dimension as the main limiting factor, without ignoring the optimization of the economic and environmental dimensions.