PATHOGENICITY AND IN VIVO STUDY OF LOCAL ISOLATE Bacillus sp. D2.2 AT THE VANNAMEI CULTURE (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Abstract
Penggunaan bakteri biokontrol dapat dijadikan solusi bagi permasalahan pemberantasan penyakit untuk menekan pertumbuhan bakteri pathogen pada budidaya udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Bacillus sp. D2.2 merupakan isolat bakteri lokal yang terbukti mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Vibrio harveyi secara in vitro. Potensi lain isolat bakteri ini perlu diketahui lebih lanjut melalui penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat patogenisitas bakteri biokontrol Bacillus sp. D2.2 terhadap udang vaname dan kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen Vibrio alginolyticus secara in vivo. Uji patogenisitas Bacillus sp. D2.2 dilakukan dengan metode LD50 pada tingkat kepadatan 103, 104, 105 dan 106 CFU/ml.Hasil LD50 menunjukkan Bacillus sp. D2.2 tidak bersifat patogen karena tidak ada konsentrasi bakteri yang mematikan hingga 50% larva udang vaname. Uji antagonisme Bacillus sp. D2.2 terhadap V.alginolyticus secara in vivo dilakukan pada 2 perlakuan, yaitu pemeliharaan udang vaname tanpa penambahan Bacillus sp. D2.2 dan pemeliharaan udang vaname dengan penambahan Bacillus sp. D2.2. Kedua perlakuan diuji tantang dengan V.alginolyticus 105 cfu/ml dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Bacillus sp. D2.2 mampu menurunkan pertumbuhan V.alginolyticus dari 105 CFU/ml sampai 103 CFU/ml. Hal tersebut menjelaskan bahwa Bacillus sp. D2.2 berpotensi sebagai bakteri biokontrol.
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