IMUNOGENISITAS HEAT KILLED VAKSIN INAKTIF Aeromonas salmonicida PADA IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida merupakan bakteri penyebab penyakit furunculosis dan carp erytrodermatitis. Saat ini sudah dikembangkan vaksin inaktif A. salmonicida dengan formalin yang memiliki imunogenisitas yang cukup tinggi. Vaksin inaktif dengan metode lain perlu dilakukan, salah satunya inaktivasi dengan pemanasan (heat killed). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui imunogenisitas heat killed vaksin A. salmonicida pada ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio). Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2012, di Laboratorium Budidaya Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara pemberian vaksin dan tanpa pemberian vaksin. Bakteri A. salmonicida diinaktifasi dengan pemanasan pada suhu 100ºC selama 1 jam. Uji viabilitas dilakukan pada media GSP (Glutamat Starch Pseudomonas) untuk memastikan bakteri sudah inaktif. Konsentrasi vaksin diukur dengan spektofotometer ( =625 nm) dan dibandingkan dengan standar Mc Farland. Vaksinasi dilakukan dua tahap secara injeksi intraperitoneal, vaksinasi I dilakukan dengan konsentrasi 107 sel/ikan dengan volume 0,1 ml/ikan. Vaksinasi II dilakukan 8 hari setelahnya dengan konsentrasi yang sama. Pengambilan darah untuk pengamatan hematologi dilakukan sebelum vaksin, 7 hari setelah vaksinasi I, 7 hari setelah vaksinasi II. Ikan yang divaksinasi menunjukan adanya peningkatan imunogenisitas yang ditandai dengan peningkatan nilai titer antibodi, total leukosit, dan korelasi negatif antara total leukosit dengan hematokrit.
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