Anaerobic Fermentation of Kepok Banana (Musa Paradisiaca) Peels with Different Levels of Tapioca for Reducing Their Fiber Components

  • Theresia Nur Indah Koni
    Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang
  • Lodofikus Tori
    Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang
  • Tri Anggarini Yuniawati Foenay
    Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v10i3.p254-263
Keywords ADF, Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Kepok banana peel, Lignin, NDF, Tapioca
Abstract Views (Last 12 Months)
782 Abstract Views
993 Downloads

Abstract

Banana peel is restricted to use as feedstuffs because it has a high crude fiber content. The reduction of crude fiber can be done by anaerobic fermentation such as silage making. Soluble carbohydrates are needed as an energy source for microorganisms in ensilage process. Tapioca is one of soluble carbohydrates that can be used to improve silage quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate effect of tapioca levels on the fiber fraction of kepok banana peel silage (Musa paradisiaca). A completely randomized design was used in this study, with 4 treatments and 5 replications, namely T0: without tapioca, T5: 5% tapioca, T10: 10% tapioca, T15: 15% tapioca. Variables observed were the content of NDF (%), ADF (%), hemicellulose (%), cellulose (%), and lignin (%).Collected data was  analyzed by analysis of variance and if it had a significant effect, it was continued with Duncan's multiple range test. The results of analysis of variance showed that the level of tapioca had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. DMRT showed that the lowest NDF content was at T15 with an average of 48.06%, the lowest ADF was found at T15 with an average of 20.20%, the lowest hemicellulose was found at T15 with an average of 27.46%, the lowest cellulose was found at T10 with an average of 7.98% and the lowest lignin against T15 with an average of 12.09%. In conclusions, 1) Different levels of tapioca was can reduce ADF, NDF, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in kepok banana peel silage, 2) The use of 10% tapioca reduced the highest kepok banana peel silage fiber fraction.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Akhadiarto, S. 2019. Prospek pembuatan pakan ayam dari bahan baku lokal (contoh kasus Gorontalo). Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia, 17(1): 7–15. DOI: 10.29122/jsti.v17i1.3420

Anas, M. A., dan Syahrir. 2017. Pengaruh penggunaan jenis aditif sebagai sumber karbohidrat terhadap komposisi kimia silase rumput mulato. Jurnal Agrisains, 18(1): 13–22.

Astuti, W. D., Widyastuti, Y., Ridwan, R., and Yetti, E. 2013. Quality of vegetable waste silages treated with various carbohydrate sources. Media Peternakan, 36(2): 120–125. DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2013.36.2.120

Bira, G. F., Tahuk, P. K., Kia, K. W., Hartun, S. K., dan Nitsae, F. 2020. Karakteristik silase semak bunga putih (Chromolaena odorata) dengan penambahan jenis karbohidrat terlarut yang berbeda. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia, 15(4): 367–374. DOI: 10.31186/jspi.id.15.4.367-374

Despal, Permana, I. G., Safarina, S. N., dan Tatra, A. J. 2011. Penggunaan berbagai sumber karbohidrat terlarut air untuk meningkatkan kualitas silase daun rami. Media Peternakan, 34(1): 69–76. DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2011.34.1.69

Handayani, S., Harahap, A. E., dan Saleh, E. 2018. Kandungan fraksi serat silase kulit pisang kepok ( Musa Paradisiaca ) dengan penambahan level dedak dan lama pemeraman yang berbeda. Jurnal Peternakan, 15(1): 1–8.

Koni, T. N. I. 2013. Effect of fermented banana peel on broiler carcass. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinery Science, 18(2): 153–157. DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v18i2.315

Koni, T. N. I., and Foenay, T. A. Y. 2020a. Decreasing of tannins from banana peel silage with different additives. Indonesian Animal Science Journal, 15(3): 333–338. DOI: 10.31186/jspi.id.15.3.333-338

Koni, T. N. I., and Foenay, T. A. Y. 2020b. Effect of tapioca level and ensilage length on tannin and mineral content of kepok banana peels silage. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak, 20(2): 87–94. DOI: 10.24198/jit.v20i2.29894

Koni, T. N. I., Foenay, T., Sabuna, C., dan Rohyati, E. 2021. Nilai nutrien kulit pisang fermentasi yang menggunakan level nira lontar. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 9(1): 62–71.

Larangahen, A., Bagau, B., Imbar, M. R., dan Liwe, H. 2017. Pengaruh penambahan molases terhadap kualitas fisik dan kimia silase kulit pisang sepatu (Mussa paradisiaca formatypica). Jurnal Zootek, 37(1): 156–166.

Mandey, J. S., Leke, J. R., Kaunang, W. B., and Kowel, Y. H. S. 2015. Carcass yield of broiler chickens fed banana (Musa Paradisiaca ) leaves fermented with Trichoderma Viride. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 40(4): 229–233.

Mulya, A., Febrina, D., dan Adelia, T. 2016. Kandungan fraksi serat silase limbah pisang(batang dan bonggol) dengan komposisi substrat dan level molases yang berbeda sebagai pakan alternatif ternak ruminansia. Jurnal Peternakan, 13(1): 19–25.

Nonok, S. 2011. Penggunaan onggok sebagai aditif terhadap kandungan nutrien silase campuran daun ubikayu dan gamal. Buana Sains, 11(1): 91–96.

Nuraga, A. Y., Sompie, F., Kowel, Y., dan Regar, M. 2018. Pengaruh penggantian sebagian jagung dengan silase kulit pisang kepok dalam ransum terhadap performans ayam broiler. Jurnal Zootek, 38(1): 244–252.

Nuraini, Mahata, M., dan Djulardi, A. 2014. Peningkatan kualitas campuran kulit pisang dengan ampas tahu melalui fermentasi dengan phanerochaete chrysosporium dan neurospora crassa sebagai pakan ternak. Jurnal Peternakan, 11(1): 22–28.

Nurmi, A., Santi, M. A., Harahap, N., and Harahap, M. F. 2018. Percentage of carcass and mortality of broiler and native chicken fed with unfermented and fermented arenga waste. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 6(3): 134–139.

Putra, G. Y., Sudarwati, H., dan Mashudi, M. 2019. Pengaruh Penambahan Fermentasi Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca L.) pada Pakan Lengkap Terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi dan Kecernaan Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Nutrisi Ternak Tropis, 2(1): 42–52. DOI: 10.21776/ub.jnt.2019.002.01.5

Ridla, M., Mullik, Y. M., Prihantoro, I., dan Mulik, M. . 2016. Penurunan total tanin silase semak bunga putih (Chromolaena odorata) dengan aditif tepung Putak (Coryphaelata robx) dan isi rumen sapi. Buletin Peternakan, 40(3): 165–169. DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v40i3.12838

Sa’o, T. M., Foenay, T. A. Y., and Koni, T. N. I. 2021. Nutritive content of banana peel flour (musa paradisiaca) fermented by goat rumen fluid. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Terapan, 4(2): 78–83. DOI: 10.25047/jipt.v4i2.2467

Septian, F., Kardaya, D., dan Astuti, W. 2011. Evaluasi kualitas silase limbah sayuran pasar yang diperkaya dengan berbagai aditif dan bakteri asam laktat. Jurnal Pertanian, 2(2): 117–124.

Van Soest, P., Robertson, J. B., and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583–3597.

Suadnyana, I. M., Cakra, I. G. L. O., and Wirawan, I. W. 2017. Physical and chemical quality of rice straw silage made by the addition of bali cattle rumen fluid. Journal of Tropical Animal Science, 5(1): 181–188.

Sukaryana, Y., Nurhayati, dan Wirawati, C. U. 2013. Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Bungkil Inti Sawit , Gaplek dan Onggok Melalui Teknologi Fermentasi dengan Kapang Berbeda Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ayam Pedaging. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 13(2): 70–77.

Utomo, R., Budhi, S. P. S., dan Astuti, I. F. 2013. Pengaruh level onggok sebagai aditif terhadap kualitas silase isi rumen sapi. Buletin Peternakan, 37(3): 173. DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v37i3.3089

Utomo, R., Noviandi, C. T., Astuti, A., Umami, N., Kale-Lado, L. J. M. C., Pratama, A. B., Jamiil, N. A., dan Sugiyanto, N. 2016. Pengaruh penggunaan aditif pada kualitas silase hijauan Sorghum vulgare. in: Simposium Nasional Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan Tropik Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 63–69.

Widjastuti, T., and Hernawan, E. 2012. Utilizing of banana peel (Musa sapientum) in the ration and its influence on final body weight, percentage of carcass and abdominal fat on broiler. Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, 57: 104–109.

Cover
Issue
Published
2022-12-31
How to Cite
Koni, T. N. I., Tori, L., & Foenay, T. A. Y. (2022). Anaerobic Fermentation of Kepok Banana (Musa Paradisiaca) Peels with Different Levels of Tapioca for Reducing Their Fiber Components. JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU, 10(3), 254–263. https://doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v10i3.p254-263