Karakteristik Biodegradable Film Berbasis Selulosa Bungkil Inti Sawit (BIS) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Plasticizer Gliserol dan Filler Glukomanan

Abstract

Biodegradable film berbasis selulosa berpotensi sebagai bioplastik yang dapat terurai oleh mikroorganisme di dalam tanah. Bungkil inti sawit memiliki kandungan selulosa sebesar 23,36%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh penambahan gliserol dan glukomanan terhadap karakteristik biodegradable film berbasis selulosa bungkil inti sawit, serta mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara gliserol dan glukomanan terhadap karakteristik biodegradable film berbasis selulosa bungkil inti sawit. Penelitian inidisusundalamRancanganAcakKelompokLengkap(RAKL)dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi gliserol dengan kode (G) yang terdiri dari tiga konsentrasi (0%, 0,2% dan 0,4%) (v/v). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi glukomanan denngan kode (L) yang terdiri dari tiga konsentrasi (1%, 2% dan 3%) (b/v). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik biodegradable film berbasis selulosa bungkil inti sawit.Karakteristik biodegradable film menghasilkan nilai kuat tarik dan laju transmisi uap air yang sudah memenuhi standar JIS 1975, dapat terdegradasi selama 3 minggu dan memiliki ketahanan suhu ruang selama 3 minggu. Namun nilai persen pemanjangan dan ketebalan belum memenuhi standar JIS 1975.

 A cellulose-based biodegradable film has the potential to be used as bioplastic that can decompose by microorganisms in the soil. Palm kernel expeller contains 23.36% cellulose. This research aims to determine the effect of adding glycerol and glucomannan on the characteristics of cellulose-based biodegradable film from palm kernel cake, as well as to understand the interaction effects between glycerol and glucomannan on these characteristics. The study was designed using a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the concentration of glycerol coded (G), which consists of three concentrations (0%, 0.2%, and 0.4%) (v/v). The second factor is the concentration of glucomannan coded (L), which consists of three concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%) (b/v). The research results showed significant differences in the characteristics of the cellulose-based biodegradable film from palm kernel expeller. The characteristics of the biodegradable film produced tensile strength and water vapor transmission rate values that met the JIS 1975 standard, could degrade within 3 weeks, and maintained room temperature stability for 3 weeks. However, the elongation percentage and thickness values did not meet the JIS 1975 standard.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BIODEGRADABLE FILM BASED ON PALM KERNEL CELLULOSE (BIS) WITH VARIED CONCENTRATIONS OF GLYCEROL PLASTICIZER AND GLUCOMANNAN FILLER