PENAMBAHAN PATI KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIODEGRADABLE FILM TERBAIK (STUDI KASUS CV. PANDA ALAMI)

Abstract

Biodegradable films based on starch could be made from various types of plants that contined starch or waste that contained starch.  Potato starch waste from the potato stick chips industry could be utilized as basic material for biodegradable films.  CV. Panda Alami produced 4 kg of potato starch waste per day, which had not been optimally utilized.  This study aimed to determine the effect of adding potato starch waste on the characteristics of biodegradable films, including tensile strength, elongation, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR).  The amount of potato starch waste used in this study were P1 (1 g), P2 (4 g), P3 (7 g), P4 (10 g), P5 (13 g), P6 (16 g) and P7 (19 g). The results showed that the higher the addition of potato starch waste, the higher the tensile strength value of biodegradable films.  However, the elongation percentage and water vapor transmission rate decreased.  The addition of 13 gr of potato starch waste gave the best effect on the characteristics of biodegradable films. Biodegradable films with the addition of 13 gr of potato starch waste had a tensile strength value of 12,29 MPa, an elongation percentage of 0,95%, and a water vapor transmission rate of 5,17 g/m²/hour.  The tensile strength and water vapor transmission rate values met the Japanese Industril Standard, with a minimum tensile strength of 0,392 MPa and maximum water vapor transmission rate of 7 g/m²/hour.  However, the elongation percentage in this study did not meet the Japanese Industrial Standard minimum value of 70%.