EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata) DAN SURFAKTAN LERAK (Sapindus rarak) SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP GULMA Sphenoclea zeylanica
Abstract
Sphenoclea zeylanica weed is one of the dominant weeds in rice cultivation that can significantly reduce yields. The use of synthetic herbicides to control this weed often has negative impacts on the environment and health. Therefore, the use of natural ingredients such as siam weed leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L.) and natural surfactants from soapberry fruit (Sapindus rarak DC.) is an environmentally friendly alternative. This study aims to determine the allelochemical effectiveness of siam weed leaf extract in controlling S. zeylanica weeds and determine the best dose combination with soapberry surfactant. The study was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 at Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung State Polytechnic, using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisted of 7 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of control, siam weed extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and a combination of siam weed with 3% soapberry surfactant. The parameters observed included weed plant height, wet weight, dry weight, SPAD index, toxicity (%), LT50, and ED50. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT test at 5% level. The results showed that siam weed leaf extract was effective in suppressing the growth of S. zeylanica, indicated by a decrease in plant height, chlorophyll content, wet weight, and dry weight of weeds compared to the control. The combination of 30% kirinyuh extract with 3% soapberry fruit surfactant was the most effective treatment, with the fastest LT50 of 2.2 days. These findings indicate the potential of siam weed and soapberry fruit extracts as environmentally friendly natural bioherbicides for weed control. This finding showed the potential use of soapberry as a natural surfactant to improve weed suppression results.
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References
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