BIOAKTIVITAS NANOPARTIKEL ZnO HASIL GREEN SYNTHESIS BERBASIS EKSTRAK DAUN Annona muricata TERHADAP Spodoptera frugiperda
Abstract
The intensive use of chemical insecticides to control the invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda has contributed to the development of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution, necessitating eco-friendly bio-insecticide alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the contact toxicity, antifeedant activity, and repellent of green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) based on Annona muricata leaf extract against third-instar S. frugiperda larvae. The ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting zinc acetate dihydrate with A. muricata leaf extract at pH 11 and 70 °C. The bioactivity was evaluated through contact toxicity assays, antifeedant activity tests (no-choice test), and repellent assays (two-choice test). Physical characteristics of the nanoparticles were analyzed using a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results demonstrated time-dependent toxicity, with the value decreasing from 1721.60 ppm 24 hours after treatment (HAT) to 1064.28 ppm 72 hours after treatment (HAT). The highest antifeedant activity was achieved at a concentration of 1600 ppm with 84.83% (strong) at 24 HAT, while the maximum repellent rate of 60.00% was obtained at 1600 ppm after 24 hours. PSA characterization revealed a Z-average hydrodynamic size of 208.4 nm, a polydispersity index (PI) of 0.624, and a zeta potential of −30.1 mV. In conclusion, ZnO nanoparticles synthesized based A. muricata extract show high potential as bio-insecticidal agent for controlling S. frugiperda pest.
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