KELIMPAHAN DAN KERAGAMAN NEMATODA PADA PERTANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DI LAMPUNG TENGAH
Abstract
Shallot (Allium cepa L.) is an important horticultural crop whose productivity is influenced by nematodes. This study aimed to identify and analyze the abundance and diversity of nematode communities in shallot plantations in Central Lampung. The research was conducted from October 2025 to February 2026. Nematode samples were collected using a systematic zigzag sampling method in shallot plantations in Rejo Asri Village, Seputih Raman District, Central Lampung Regency. Samples were taken from three habitats: shallot plants, shallot plantation soil, and fallow soil near the shallot plantations. Nematodes were extracted from soil using decantation, sieving, and sugar-solution centrifugation methods, while extraction from plant tissue utilized a modified Baermann funnel method. Nematodes were identified to the genus level based on morphological characteristics. Community analysis included Prominence Value (PV), Margalef index (DMg), Shannon index (H’), evenness index (E), Simpson’s index (H₂), Bray–Curtis dissimilarity index, Jaccard similarity index, and the Michaelis–Menten model. The results revealed the presence of 28 nematode genera, comprising 13 plant-parasitic genera and 15 free-living genera. Diversity indices for the habitats were as follows: shallot plantation soil (S = 21, DMg = 3.16, H' = 2.32, H₂ = 0.87), fallow soil (S = 20, DMg = 2.75, H' = 2.48, H₂ = 0.90), and shallot plants (S = 10, DMg = 1.46, H' = 1.33, H₂ = 0.59). The maximum number of genera predicted by the Michaelis–Menten model was 29. The two habitats exhibiting the highest community similarity were shallot plants and shallot plantation soil, with a Jaccard Similarity (JS) of 40.9%. The dominant plant-parasitic nematode genera are Aphelenchoides, with an absolute density of 2.5 individuals per plant and a PV of 22.3, and Helicotylenchus, with an absolute density of 72.8 individuals per 300 cc of soil and a PV of 727.5.
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References
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