SEED-DIPPING APPLICATION OF LOCAL ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIAL CONSORTIUM AGAINST BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT OF RICE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23960/ja.v17i1.4274
Abstract View: 287
Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the most important diseases of rice, and to date no effective control measure yet. Alternative controls by several antagonistic microbes have been used to suppress bacterial infection. The aim of this re-search was to investigate antimicrobial effect of bacterial consortium as the primary step to control bacterial blight of rice. A total of five endophytic bacterial consortiums as biocontrol agents were developed and further evaluated for their capability in reducing bacterial blight of rice under screen house condition. The bacterial consortium was applied by seed dipping method using bacterial suspension prior to transplanting. The result showed that bacterial consortia were able to inhibit bacterial blight disease development both in vitro and in vivo test. Consortium labeled as C 1 (containing isolates *E 64,*E 65,*E 66, *C 1A, *C 29D) and C 2 (con-taining isolates *E 64,*E 65,*E 76, *C 1A, *CPKKP 3.5) showed higher bacterial blight percent reduction by two seed-dipping treatments of 24 h and 48 h incubation time, whilst C 4 and C 5 only effective by seed-dipping of 72 h incubation; however none of these consortium affected plant height as well as yield. It was indicated that C 1 and C 2 consortium have relatively high antagonistic activity than that of control treatment and could be applied further to reduce bacterial blight disease development on rice.
Key words: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, endophytic, rice, bacterial consortium, seed-dipping application
Downloads
References
Akhtar, M.S., U. Shakeel and Z.A. Siddiqui. 2010. Biocontrol of Fusarium wilts by B. pumilus, P. alcaligenes and Rhizobium sp on lentil. Turk. J. Biol. 34: 1-7.
Alabouvette, C., B. Schippers, P. Lemenceau, and P.A.H. Baker. 1998. Biological control of Fu-sarium wilts. In: G.J. Boland, and L.D. Kuykendall (eds.). Plant-Microbe Interactions and Biological Control. Marcel-Dekker, New York. p15-36.
Anonymous. 2009. Data on pests and diseases attack in Indonesia. Ditlintan. Indonesia.
Cook R.J. and K.F. Baker. 1996. The Nature and Practice of Biological Control of Plant Pathogens. 3rd Ed. APS. St. Paul, Minnesota.
Crawford D.L., J.M. Lynch., J.M. Whips., and M.A. Dusley. 1993. Isolation and characterization of actinomycetes antagonist of fungi root pathogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:3899-3909.
Duffy, B.K. and D.M. Weller 1995. Use of Gaemanomyces graminis var graminis alone and its combination with fluorescent Pseudomonas spp to suppress take all of wheat. Plant Dis. 79:907-911.
Gnanamanickam, S.S. 2009. Biological Control of Rice Diseases. Springer, New York.
Guetsky R., D. Shtienberg, Y. Elad, E. Fischer and A. Dinoor. 2002. Improving biological control by combining biocontrol agents each with several mechanisms of disease suppression. Phytopathol. 92:976-985.
Horino, O. and H. Kaku. 1988. Defense mechanism of rice against bacterial blight caused by X. campestris pv. oryzae In: International Work-shop on bacterial blight of rice. IRRI, Manila Philippines. p 14-18.
Hwang B.K, S.W. Lim, B.S Kim, J.Y. Lee, and S.S. Moon. 2001. Isolation and in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of phenyl acetic acid and sodium phenyl acetate from Streptomyces humidus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:3739-3745.
Jamalizadeh, M., H.R. Etebarian, H. Aminian, and A. Alizadeh. 2008. Biological control of gray mold on apple fruits by B. licheniformis (EN74-1). Phytoparasitica 36:23-29.
Jacobsen, B.J, N.K. Zidack, and B.J. Larson. 2004. The role of Bacillus-based biological control agents in integrated pest management systems: plant diseases. Phytopathol. 94: 1272-1275.
Jetiyanon, K. and J.W. Kloepper. 2002. Mixtures of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for in-duction of resistance against multiple plant diseases. Biol. Control 24:285-291.
Kaku, H. 2005. Cytological and ultra structural analyses of rice Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae interaction. p: 17 in Abstract. The 1st International Conference of bacterial blight of rice. MEXT. NIAS. Phytopathological Society of Japan and Japanese Society of breeding. Tsukuba, Japan.
Kim, G.H., M.T. Lim, J.S. Hur, K.J. Yun and Y.J. Koh. 2009. Biological control of tea anthracnose using an antagonistic bacterium B. subtilis isolated from tea leaves. Plant Pathol. J. 25 (1): 99-102.
Madigan, M.T., J.M. Martinko and J. Parker. 2000. Brock: Biology of microorganisms. American Prentice Hall. New Jersey
McManus P. S., V. O Stockwell., G. W Sundin., and A. L. Jones. 2002. Antibiotic use in plant agriculture. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 40: 443-465.
Mew, T.W. 2004. Four decades of bacterial blight of rice research. p:1 in Abstract. The 1st International Conference of bacterial blight of rice. MEXT. NIAS. Phytopathological Society of Japan and Japanese Society of breeding. Tsukuba, Japan.
Nalisha, I., M. Muskhazli, and T. N. Faizan. 2006. Production of bioactive compound by B. subtilis against Sclerotium rolfsii. Mal. J. Microbiol. 2(2):19-23.
Neeno-Eckwall, E.C., L.L. Kinkel, and J.L. Schottel. 2001. Competition and antibiosis in the biological control of Potato scab. Can. J. Microbiol. 47:332-340.
Ou, S.H. 1985. Rice Diseases. Commonwealth Mycological Institute. 2nd Ed. Kew Surrey. UK.
Sakthivel, N., C.N. Mortensen, and S.B. Marthur. 2001. Detection of Xanthomonas. oryzae pv. oryzae in artificially inoculated and naturally infected rice seeds and plants by molecular techniques. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 56:435-4541.
Shaner, G., and R.E. Finney. 1977. The effect of Nitrogen fertilization on the expression of slow mildewing resistance in Knox wheat. Phytopathol. 67:1051-1056.
Singh, V. and S.J.C. Daverall. 1984. B. subtilis as a control agent against fungal pathogens of citrus fruit. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 84:487-490.
Suryadi, Y. dan M. Machmud. 1990. Pengamatan Scanning Electron microscope infeksi X. campestris pv. oryzae pada padi. Proc of laboratory equipment and its application seminar” (S.D. Djoko et al. eds). NAR II. AARD, Jakarta, In-donesia. p37-47.
Yuan, W.M. and D.L. Crawford. 1995. Characterization of Streptomyces lydicus WYEC108 as a potential biocontrol agent against fungal root and seed rots. Appl Environ. Microbiol. 61:3119-3128.
Wilson M. and P.A. Backmann. 1999. Biocontrol of plant pathogens. In: Ruberson, R.J. (ed). Hand-book of Pest Management. Marcel-Dekker Inc. New York. p: 309-335
