This research was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Agricultural Biosystem Engineering (ABE) research community. All procedures involving human participants, animals, and environmental samples followed institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines.

If the study involved human participants (e.g., farmers, workers, or students), informed consent was obtained prior to data collection. Participants were informed about the purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the study. Confidentiality and anonymity were maintained throughout the research process, and data were used solely for scientific purposes.

If the research involved animals or biological materials, all experimental procedures complied with relevant animal welfare regulations and were approved by the institutional ethics committee. Proper care and minimal stress were ensured during experimentation and handling.

If field experiments or environmental sampling were conducted, the research adhered to environmental protection laws and sustainable agricultural practices. No harmful materials or pollutants were introduced into the environment during experimentation.

All authors declare that this work is original and has not been published or submitted elsewhere. The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest that could have influenced the research outcomes. Data collection, analysis, and reporting were performed with academic integrity and transparency.