The Potential of Bacillus sp. and FOBIO Biopesticide with Mustard Greens (Brassica rapa L. var. parachinensis) as Bioremediation Agents for Cadmium

Dykha Maretha Setyawan; Endang Tri Wahyu Prasetyawati; Sri Wiyatiningsih

doi:10.23960/jtepl.v15i1.1-9

Authors

Dykha Maretha Setyawan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur
Endang Tri Wahyu Prasetyawati Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur
Sri Wiyatiningsih Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23960/jtepl.v15i1.1-9

Abstract View: 17

Keywords:

Bacillus sp., Bioremediation cadmium, Contaminated soils, FOBIO biopestiside, Green mustard

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural land due to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides has detrimental effects on soil quality, plant growth, and human health. Bioremediation offers a simple and environmentally friendly approach to address this issue. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Bacillus sp., FOBIO biopesticide, and green mustard (Brassica rapa L. var. parachinensis) as bioremediation agents for Cd-contaminated soil. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and four replications. Observed parameters included Cd concentration in the soil before and after remediation, as well as the growth and physiological responses of mustard plants. The application of FOBIO biopesticide without plants resulted in the highest Cd reduction (4.57 mg/kg), while the combination of Bacillus sp. and mustard plants reduced Cd by 4.11 mg/kg, and mustard plants alone reduced Cd by 2.40 mg/kg, outperforming the control. FOBIO biopesticide application significantly enhanced leaf number, plant height, and fresh weight compared to other treatments. These findings indicate that Bacillus sp., FOBIO biopesticide, and green mustard have strong potential as bioremediation agents for Cd-contaminated soils.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Dykha Maretha Setyawan, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture

Endang Tri Wahyu Prasetyawati, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture

Sri Wiyatiningsih, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture

References

Aminah, U., & Nur, F. (2018). Biosorpsi logam berat timbal (Pb) oleh bakteri. Teknosains: Media Informasi Sains dan Teknologi, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.24252/teknosains.v12i1.7868

Ariyono. H. W., W. Windriyanti., & S. Wiyatiningsih. (2021). Kepadatan Populasi Arthropoda Pada Pertanaman Bawang Merah Dengan Pemberian Formulasi Biopestisida Di Kabupaten Nganjuk. Jurnal AGROHITA. 6(2). 173-179.

Auguestien, N. (2023). Monograf Karakter Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.) Pada Kondisi Sub Optimal Di Perkotaan. Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia, Ponorogo.

Azizah, A., & Soesetyaningsih, E. (2020). Akurasi perhitungan bakteri pada daging sapi menggunakan metode hitung cawan. Berkala Sainstek, 8(3), 75–79.

Aznur, B.S., Nisa, S.K., & Septriono, W.A. (2022). Agen biologis potensial untuk bioremediasi logam berat. Maiyah, 1(4), 186–198. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.maiyah.2022.1.4.7442

Frary. A. (2015). Plant physiology and development. Rhodora, 117(971), 397-399. https://doi.org/10.3119/0035-4902-117.971.397

Gallego, S.M., Pena, L.B., Barcia, R.A., Azpilicueta, C.E. Iannone, M.F., Rosales, E.P., Zawoznik, M.S., Groppa, M.D., & Benavides, M.P. (2012). Unravelling cadmium toxicity and tolerance in plants: Insight into regulatory mechanisms. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 83, 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.04.006

Gupta, D.K., Pena, L.B., Romero-Puertas, M.C., Hernandez, A., Inouhe, M., & Sandalio, L.M. (2013). NADPH oxidases differentially regulate ROS metabolism and nutrient uptake under cadmium toxicity. Plant Cell & Environment, 36(3), 442-458. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12711

Han, H., Cai, H., Wang, X., Hu, X., Chen, Z., & Yao, L. (2020). Heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria increase the biomass and reduce the Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) in heavy metal-contaminated soil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 195, 110375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110375

Hartono, H.P., Rokhim, S., & Faizah, H. (2024). Pengaruh pemberian PGPR Bacillus sp. dan Pseudomonas sp. asal akar bambu apus terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Membangun Desa dan Pertanian, 9(3), 294–303. https://doi.org/10.37149/jimdp.v9i3.1154

Ilmianti, I., Mattulada, I.K., Abdi, M.J., Bima, L., & Lasantu, V.M. (2025). Efektivitas ekstrak daun gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L. Medik) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans penyebab karies gigi: Literature review. DENThalib Journal, 3(2), 46–54. https://journal.fkg.umi.ac.id/index.php/denthalib/article/view/71

Irawan, B. (2019). Hubungan kandungan timbal (Pb) dengan produksi pada sayuran sawi (Brassica juncea L.). Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 2(1), 27–32.

Irawanto, R. (2015). Konsentrasi logam berat (Pb dan Cd) pada bagian tumbuhan akuatik Acanthus ilicifolius (jeruju). Prosiding KPSDA, 1(1), 147–155.

Kunsah, B., Kartikorini, N., & Ariana, D. (2021). Analisa cemaran logam berat (Pb, Cd, Zn) pada makanan dan minuman kemasan kaleng dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom (SSA). The Journal of Muhammadiyah Medical Laboratory Technologist, 4(1), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.30651/jmlt.v4i1.7604

Laila, N.N., Suryandika, F., Wiyatiningsih, S., & Boleng, M.S. (2023). Pengaruh pemberian PGPR dan Fobio terhadap pertumbuhan caisim (Brassica juncea L.). Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian (Journal of Agricultural Science), 21(2), 181–186.

Liwun, R.R., Yulianti, I.M., & Sidharta, B.R. (2021). Potensi Calotropis gigantea dalam fitoremediasi logam berat timbal (Pb). Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati, 6(2), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v6i2.2985

Lux, A., Martinka, M., Vaculík, M., & White, P.J. (2011). Root responses to cadmium in the rhizosphere: A review. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq281

Mahfudiawati, M., Rusmiyanto, E.R.P.W., & Turnip, M. (2016). Pertumbuhan tanaman sawi hijau (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis) akibat perlakuan logam berat kadmium (Cd). Protobiont, 5(2), 18–24.

Mariwy, A., Dulanlebit, Y.H., & Yulianti, F. (2020). Studi akumulasi logam berat merkuri menggunakan tanaman awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm. F). Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research, 7(2), 159–169. https://doi.org/10.30598/ijcr.2020.7-abr

Maulana, A., Supartono, S., & Mursiti, S. (2018). Bioremediasi logam Pb pada limbah tekstil dengan Staphylococcus aureus dan Bacillus subtilis. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science, 6(3), 256–261.

Meriem, S. (2023). Mitigasi cekaman kadmium (Cd) pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.): pendekatan fisiologi dan molekuler. Berita Biologi, 22(1), 61–75. https://doi.org/10.55981/beritabiologi.2023.807

Mevianti, N.D., Sektiono, A.W., & Djauhari, S. (2021). Uji daya tumbuh dan uji virulensi isolat patogen Fusarium moniliforme penyebab penyakit pokahbung pada tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum) secara in vitro dan in vivo. Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan), 9(3), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jurnalhpt.2021.009.3.4

Mulyani, O., Machfud, Y., & Solihin, M.A. (2023). Fungsi hubungan sifat kimia tanah dan penggunaan pestisida dengan kandungan kadmium pada lahan sawah. Agrikultura, 34(2), 315–324. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v34i2.46370

Panjaitan, E., & Sidauruk, L. (2023). Pemanfaatan biochar dan konsorsium bakteri pada remediasi tanah tercemar logam berat dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.). Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, 8(1), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.31289/agr.v8i1.10627

Prasasti, F.S. (2019). Pengaruh pupuk organik, Rhizobium sp. I3 dan pupuk kandang terhadap serapan timbal oleh rami (Boehmeria nivea) pada tanah vertisol. [Undergraduate Thesis] Universitas Sebelas Maret.

Prasodjo. A.G., Rachmadiarti, F., & Yuliani, Y. (2015). Efektivitas penggunaan berbagai konsentrasi perasan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa billimbi) terhadap kadar Pb sawi hijau (Brassica juncea). LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 4(1), 77-81.

Purkan, P., Nuzulla, Y.F., Hadi, S., & Prasetyawati, E.T. (2017). Biochemical properties of mercuric reductase from local isolate of Bacillus sp for bioremediation agent. Molekul, 12(2), 182–188.

Ramadaningrum, L.F. (2016). Penentuan kadar timbal (Pb) dalam sawi (Brassica sp.) menggunakan metode destruksi basah secara spektroskopi serapan atom (SSA). [Undergraduate Thesis], Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.

Rizki, Z., Fitriana, F., & Jumadewi, A. (2022). Identifikasi jumlah angka kuman pada dispenser metode TPC (Total Plate Count). Jurnal SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan, 4(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v4i1.1052

Rolanda, I.A., Arifin, A.Z., & Sulistyawati, S. (2021). Pengaruh pemberian dosis pupuk nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi pahit (Brassica juncea L.). Jurnal Agroteknologi Merdeka Pasuruan, 5(2), 1–6.

Sangadji, Z. (2018). Kajian sistem budidaya tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.) di petani Kelurahan Malawele Distrik Aimas Kabupaten Sorong. Median: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta, 9(1), 16–24.

Sukono, G.A.B., Hikmawan, F.R., Evitasari, D.S., & Satriawan, D. (2020). Mekanisme fitoremediasi: Review. Jurnal Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan (JPPL), 2(02), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.35970/jppl.v2i2.360

Sutrisno, S., & Kuntyastuti, H. (2015). Pengelolaan cemaran kadmium pada lahan pertanian di Indonesia. Buletin Palawija, 13(1), 83–91. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/225844-pengelolaan-cemaran-kadmium-pada-lahan-p-4009e2cb.pdf

Wan, W., Qin, Y., Wu, H., Zuo, W., He, H., Tan, J., Wang, Y., & He, D. (2020). Isolation and characterization of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria with multiple phosphorus sources utilizing capability and their potential for lead immobilization in soil. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11, 752. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00752

Widya, S.A., Arifin, M., & Wiyatiningsih, S. (2022). Combination of FOBIO biopesticide and Brassica rapa L. as remediator of heavy metal Pb in soil. Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE), 5(1), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.afssaae.2022.005.01.6

Wiyatiningsih, S., Hariyani, W.S., Santoso, W., & Wijaya, R.S. (2020). Profil, teknik produksi, dan penggunaan formula biopestisida FOBIO. Mitra Abisatya.