Environmentally Friendly Paving Block Based on Wood Waste: The Effect of Rubber Wood Waste Content on the Physical-Mechanical Properties of Paving Block
Abstract
The wood sawing industry generates significant waste, consisting of wood chips, wood scraps, and sawdust. This research aims to evaluate the effect of rubber wood sawdust addition on the moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength of paving blocks. The study was conducted in August–September 2023, starting with preparing raw materials, composition planning, and test specimen fabrication. The parameters in this study included density testing, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength. The density test results for treatments P0 were 1.11 g/cm3, P1 1.09 g/cm3, P2 1.07 g/cm3, P3 1.08 g/cm3, and P4 1.09 g/cm3. The moisture content test yielded values of 11.38% for P0, 12.56% for P1, 12.94% for P2, 13.24% for P3, and 13.80% for P4. The water absorption capacity values obtained were, for P0, 5.17%; P1, 5.40%; P2, 6.36%; P3, 8.11%; and P4, 9.27%. Compressive strength tests produced values for P0 at 7.19 N/mm2, P1 at 5.67 N/mm2, P2 at 4.22 N/mm2, P3 at 3.48 N/mm2, and P4 at 3.07 N/mm2. The addition of rubber wood sawdust to paving blocks significantly influences density, moisture content, water absorption capacity, and compressive strength values.
Keywords: Composition, Compressive strength, Paving block, Sawdust waste.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abidin, Z., Sunardi., & Violet. (2018). Bata ringan dari campuran limbah sekam padi dan serbuk gergajian. Jurnal Pengabdian Al-Iklas, 3(2), 106–112
Aditya, F.U., Rahmadi, A., & Mahdie, M.F. (2019). Studi potensi limbah pengolahan kayu gergajian di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara dan Banjarmasin Barat Kota Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Jurnal Sylva Scienteae, 2(5), 854–864.
Alifsyah, M.A.R., Jamal, M., & Arifin, T.S.P. (2023). Analisa kuat tekan beton menggunakan metode compression test dan hammer test menggunakan agregat halus pasir tenggarong. Teknologi Sipil: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, 7(1), 39–47.
Ayat, M. (2020). Pengaruh penambahan abu sekam padi pada pembuatan batu bata terhadap kuat tekannya. Bearing: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Teknik Sipil, 6(4), 250–258. https://doi.org/10.32502/jbearing.3220202064.
Bahanawan, A., Darmawan, T., & Dwianto, W. (2020). Hubungan sifat berat jenis dengan sifat higroskopitas melalu pendekatan nilai rerata kehilangan air. Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan, 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v12i1.5643.
Bahkhtiar. (2016). Pengaruh variasi komposisi terhadap densitas dan kekerasan pada manufaktur keramik lantai. [Thesis]. Jurusan Fisika Fakultas sains dan Teknologi UIN Alauddin Makasar. Makasar.
Bazenet, R.A., Hidayat, W., Ridjayanti, S.M., Riniarti, M., Haryanto, A., Banuwa, I.S., & Hasanudin, U. (2021). Pengaruh kadar perekat terhadap karakteristik briket arang limbah kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg). Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 10(3), 283–295. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v10i3.283-295.
BSN. (1996). SNI 03-0692-1996: Bata Beton (Paving block). Badan Standar Nasional (BSN), Jakarta.
BSN. (1999). SNI 01-5008.1-1999: Kayu Gergajian Rimba. Badan Standarisasi Nasional (BSN), Jakarta.
Cahyono, S.D., & Rohman, R.K. (2013). Pemanfaatan limbah asbes untuk pembuatan batako (141m). Konferensi Nasional Teknik Sipil 7 Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Da Silva, F.M., Barbosa, G.L.A., Lintz, R.C.C., & Jacintho, A.E.P.G.A. (2015). Investigation on the properties of concrete tactile paving blocks made with recycled tire rubber. Construction and Building Materials, 91, 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.027.
Direktur Jendral Bina Usaha Kehutanan. (2009). Rendemen Kayu Olahan Industri Primer Hasi l Hutan Kayu (HHK). Kementerian Kehutanan, Jakarta.
Djamaluddin, A.R., Caronge, M.A., Tjaronge, M.W., Lando, A.T., & Irmawaty, R. (2020). Evaluation of sustainable concrete paving blocks incorporating processed waste tea ash. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 12, e00325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00325.
Faizal, M., Andynapratiwi, I., & Putri, P.D.A. (2014). Pengaruh komposisi arang dan perekat terhadap kualitas biobriket dari kayu karet. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 20(2), 36–44.
Fendika, I.Y. (2019). Pengaruh metode pemasakan dan taraf penambahan serbuk bata merah dan abu gosok terhadap kualitas organoleptik dan kadar air telur asin. Jurnal Ilmiah Fillia Cendikia, 4(1), 32–41.
Gencel, O., Ozel, C., Koksal, F., Erdogmus, E., Martínez-Barrera, G., & Brostow, W. (2012). Properties of concrete paving blocks made with waste marble. Journal of Cleaner Production, 21(1), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.08.023.
Giancoli, D.C. (2001). Fisika Jilid 1 Edisi 5. Jakarta. Erlangga.
Karnaen, N., & Mariani, S. (2024). Pengaruh penambahan serbuk gergaji kayu sengon terhadap kuat tekan dan daya serap air pada paving block. Jurnal Saintek UNSA, 1(2), 67-77.
Khan, F.F., Chandra, I., & Bhat, S.A. (2020). An experimental investigation on the effect of replacement of fine and coarse aggregate by sawdust in solid concrete blocks for different mix proportions. International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing IJESC, 10(7), 26730–26744.
Ling, T.C. (2011). Prediction of density and compressive strength for rubberized concrete blocks. Construction and Building Materials, 25, 4303–4306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.074.
Matangaran, J.R., & Anggoro, R. (2012). Limbah pemanenan jati di Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. Jurnal Perennial, 8(2), 88–92. https://doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v8i2.221.
Maurits, J.F.N., Walukow, A.F., & Siallagan, J. (2023). Pemanfaatan limbah industri pengolahan kayu sebagai sumber energi arang alternatif di Kota Jayapura. Jurnal Biologi Papua, 15(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2700.
Mayooran, S., Ragavan, S., & Sathiparan, N. (2017). Comparative study on open air burnt low-and high-carbon rice husk ash as partial cement replacement in cement block production. Journal of Building Engineering, 13, 137–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.07.011.
Mungkasa, O. (2008). Pembangunan Perumahan dan Permukiman di Indonesia. Direktorat Permukiman dan Perumahan Bappenas. Jakarta.
Pandey, S. (2022). Wood waste utilization and associated product development fromunder-utilized low-quality wood and its prospects in Nepal. SN Applied Sciences, 4, 168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05061-5.
Purba, R.E.S., Irwan., & Nurmaidah. (2018). Pemanfaatan limbah serbuk gergaji kayu sebagai subtitusi campuran bata ringan kedap suara. Journal of Civil Engineering Building and Transportation, 1(2), 87. https://doi.org/10.31289/jcebt.v1i2.1679.
Putri, E.E., Ismeddiyanto., & Suryannita, R. (2019). Sifat fisik paving block komposit sebagai lapis perkerasan bebas genangan air (permeable pavement). Jurnal Teknik, 13(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.31849/teknik.v13i1.2557.
Raheem, A.A., Adedokun, S.I., Raphael, A.B., Adedapo, A.O., & Olayemi, A.B. (2017). Application of saw dust ash as partial replacement for cement in the production of interlocking paving stones. International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 1–11.
Rianto, R., Wahyudi., & Djitmau, D.A. (2019). Potensi pemanfaatan limbah gergajian pada stand kayu di Distrik Manokwari Barat. Jurnal Kehutanan Papuasia, 5(1), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.Vol5.Iss1.111
Ridjayanti, S.M., Bazenet, R.A., Banuwa, I.S., Riniarti, M., & Hidayat, W. (2023). Karakteristik arang kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis) yang diproduksi menggunakan dua tipe tungku pirolisis. Jurnal Belantara, 6(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbl.v6i1.815.
Rosadi, I., Rahmawati, W., Warji., & Suharyatun, S. (2023). Pemanfaatan limbah serbuk gergaji kayu jati (Tectona grandis) sebagai bahan campuran dalam pembuatan paving block porous. Jurnal Agricultural Biosystem Engineering, 2(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.23960/jabe.v2i2.7468.
Sadek, D.M., El-Attar, M.M., & Ali, A.M. (2017). Physico-mechanical and durability characteristics of concrete paving blocks incorporating cement kiln dust. Construction and Building Materials, 157, 300–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.107.
Saputra, B., Tambunan, K.G.A., Suri, I.F., Febryano, I.G., Iswandaru, D., & Hidayat, W. (2022). Effects of torrefaction temperature on the characteristics of betung (Dendrocalamus asper) bamboo pellets. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, 11(2), 339–353. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v11i2.339-353.
Sojobi, A.O. (2016). Evaluation of the performance of eco-friendly lightweight interlocking concrete paving units incorporating sawdust wastes and laterite. Cogent Engineering, 3(1), 1255168. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2016.1255168.
Suri, I.F., Purusatama, B.D., Kim, J.H., Hidayat, W., Iswanto, A.H., Park, S.Y., Lee, S.H., & Kim, N.H. (2023). artificial weathering effects on the physical and chemical properties of Paulownia tomentosa and Pinus koraiensis woods heat-treated in oil and air. Forests, 14: 1546. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14081546.
Sutarman, I.W. (2016). Pemanfaatan limbah industri pengolahan kayu di Kota Denpasar (studi kasus pada CV Aditya). Jurnal Penelitian dan Aplikasi Sistem dan Teknik Industri, 10(1), 182888.
Wahyuningsih, E., Sulistiyawati, I., & Rahayu, N.L. (2022). Pemanfaatan serbuk gergaji kayu untuk budidaya jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) di kelompok masyarakat Desa Pasir Kidul. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 4(2), 148–155. https://doi.org/10.33830/diseminasiabdimas.v4i2.2704.
Wulandari, F.T. (2019). Limbah industri penggergajian; kajian dan pemanfaatannya. Jurnal Silva Samalas, 2(2), 75–78.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v13i4.997-1005
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Daffa Naufalian Fauzi, Bagus Saputra, Melya Riniarti, Duryat Duryat, Wahyu Hidayat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.