Effect of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application Timing and Dosage on the Growth and Yield of Snow Pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Abstract
Snow pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a high-value vegetable crop with increasing market demand; however, its productivity remains relatively low due to suboptimal cultivation practices, particularly phosphorus (P) fertilization management. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of phosphorus fertilizer application timing and dosage on the growth and yield of the Taichung variety of snow pea. The experiment was conducted in Mojoroto Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency, Indonesia, using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors: phosphorus fertilizer application timing (at planting, 7 days after planting [DAP], and 14 DAP) and phosphorus fertilizer dosage (60, 80, 100, and 120 kg/ha). The results showed that the combination of phosphorus fertilizer applied at 100 kg/ha and 7 DAP produced the highest number of pods, pod weight per plant, and pod yield per hectare. Furthermore, phosphorus application at 7 DAP enhanced nutrient uptake efficiency during the early vegetative stage, while a dosage of 100 kg/ha significantly increased yield components, resulting in a pod weight of 99.72 g/plant. These findings indicate that optimizing both the timing and dosage of phosphorus fertilizer application can improve the productivity and yield quality of snow pea and provide a basis for technical fertilization recommendations for highland cultivation.
Downloads
References
Ampong, K., Penn, C.J., & Camberato, J.J. (2024). The timing of phosphorus availability to corn: What growth stages are most critical for maximizing yield? Agronomy, 14(11), 2731. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112731
Anand, M., C, U., & Raj, R. (2024). Effect of bio-fertilizers and phosphorus on growth and yield of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.). International Journal of Research in Agronomy, 7(9S), 798–802. https://doi.org/10.33545/2618060X.2024.v7.i9Sk.1603
Assega, H., & Tadesse, T. (2022). Effects of sources, rate and application times of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Northwest Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 11(5), 186–190. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20221105.16
Dikr, W., & Abayechaw, D. (2022). Effects of phosphorus fertilizer on agronomic, grain yield and other physiological traits of some selected legume crops. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 12(12), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.7176/JBAH/12-12-01
Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia (2024). Statistik Pertanian - Agricultural Statistics 2024. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta. ISBN: 979-8958-65-9
Khan, F., Siddique, A.B., Shabala, S., Zhou, M., & Zhao, C. (2023). Phosphorus plays key roles in regulating plants’ physiological responses to abiotic stresses. Plants, 12(15), 2861. https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/15/2861
Mayendra, M., Lubis, K.S., & Hidayat, B. (2019). Ketersediaan hara fosfor akibat pemberian biochar sekam padi dan pupuk kandang sapi pada Inceptisol Kuala Bekala. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 6(2), 287–293.
Novizan, N. (2005). Petunjuk Pemupukan yang Efektif. AgroMedia Pustaka, Jakarta. ISBN: 9789793084220
Nuryani, E., Haryono, G., & Historiawati, H. (2019). Pengaruh dosis dan saat pemberian pupuk P terhadap hasil tanaman buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) tipe tegak. VIGOR: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tropika dan Subtropika, 4(1), 14-17.
Rahimi, V., Nurwantoro, N., & Setiani, B.E. (2024). Sifat fisikokimia dan organoleptik minuman soygurt sari kedelai yang disubstitusi dengan sari kapri. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan, 7(1), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.14710/jtp.2023.26651
Rofik, G.A., Pribadi, D.U., & Dewanti, F.D. (2025). Pengaruh pemupukan P dan green manure leguminosa bunga telang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung pulut Arumba (Zea mays ceratina var. Arumba). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 27(2), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.27.2.77-86
Rosalyne, I. (2023). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang kapri (Pisum sativum L.) akibat pemberian konsentrasi POC dan dosis posfor. Fruitset Sains: Jurnal Pertanian Agroteknologi, 11(4), 269–278. https://iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/Fruitset/article/view/4225
Sajar, S., & Setiawan, A. (2023). Soybean yield response to inoculation bacteria nitrogen fixer and fertilizer kohe chicken. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Biology, 3, 78-87.
Santos, E.F.; Silva, A.B.P.; Silva, M.d.S.; Scalon, S.d.P.Q.; Lavres, J. (2026). Kinetic parameters of phosphorus uptake as a function of cationic metal supply in cotton. Plants, 15, 1215. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15081215
Shohag, M.J.I., Salgado, E.M., Gluck, M.C., Sriti, N., & Liu, G. (2025). Phosphorus fertilizer thresholds matching snap bean nutrient demands in Florida Spodosols. Scientia Horticulturae, 350, 114334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114334
Simorangkir, E.K., & Barunawati, N. (2022). Pengaruh dosis dan waktu pemberian pupuk NPK majemuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil buncis manis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Produksi Tanaman, 10(6), 216–327.
Wahyudin, A., Nurmala, T., & Rahmawati, R.D. (2015). Pengaruh dosis pupuk fosfor dan pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) pada ultisol Jatinangor. Kultivasi, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v14i2.12041
Zhang, L., Jiang, Y., Yin, M., Ling, Y., Li, H., Gan, Y., Yue, C., Ma, Y., Kang, Y., Qi, G., & Wang, Y. (2025). Optimizing phosphorus fertilization management is conducive to improving alfalfa yield and quality: A meta-analysis. Agriculture, 15(8), 797. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15080797
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
