Enhancing Growth and Yield of Garuda Clone Cassava through Mukibat Grafting and Microbial-Based Fertilization
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a strategic commodity in Indonesia, but the productivity (20–30 t/ha) remains far below the biological potential (>60 t/ha). Mukibat grafting, which combines rubber cassava (Manihot glaziovii) as scion onto cultivated cassava rootstock, represents an effective approach to enhance productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of planting materials (Mukibat grafting vs. conventional cutting) and fertilizer types (inorganic NPK, goat manure, and microbial-based fertilizer/MBF) on the growth and yield of Garuda clone cassava. The experiment was conducted using a Strip Plot Design with a 2×3 factorial treatment structure and three replications. Results showed that grafting success rate was 100% across all treatments. Mukibat grafting significantly outperformed conventional cuttings, increasing tuber yield by 98.14% (61.70 kg vs. 31.14 kg per 3 plants) and total starch production by 102.77% (50.49 vs. 24.90 t/ha). Starch content did not differ significantly between treatments. MBF produced the highest tuber yield (52.40 kg per 3 plants) and total starch production (42.95 t/ha), representing a 31.07% and 28.81% increase over inorganic fertilizer (39.98 kg per 3 plants), respectively. These findings demonstrate that integrating Mukibat grafting with microbial-based fertilization represents an effective strategy for sustainable intensification of cassava production in Indonesia.
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